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Troubleshooting
This section contains tips and suggested commands to troubleshoot
problems.
Network sniffer
A network sniffer is an excellent tool for troubleshooting network devices.
By capturing exactly that information that is sent on the wire and providing
decoders for the various protocol levels, capture traces often provide solid
answers about why phones do not register, why Voice Media Gateway
Cards (VGMC) do not communicate, or the source of voice QoS problems.
Connecting a sniffer
A hub is useful to connect the sniffer at the device being investigated. With
a hub, the sniffer sees the same traffic as the VGMC, Signaling Server, or
IP Phone because all ports receive the same data. Match the hub speed
to the device speed. Although not recommended, you can use a 10BaseT
hub on the VGMC or Signaling Server TLAN. However, Nortel does not
recommend that you place the TLAN on a 10BaseT hub if many IP Phones
register with it or when high concurrent usage exists for gateway ports.
If you use a smart hub, devices connected at 10BaseT cannot detect traffic
generated by devices connected at 100BaseT and vice versa. Therefore,
you must configure your sniffer to use the same speed as the device you
want to sniff to capture packets.
When a Layer 2 switch is used, you must configure port mirroring (or
similar product depending on your product) so the switch can send a copy
of all packets on a port to the port with the connected sniffer.
If the Layer 2 switch does support port mirroring, or you have no access
to the management interface, you can insert a passive hub in line with the
desired port and connect the sniffer to it.
It can be useful to connect a sniffer at both ends of an IP Phone to VGMC
or Signaling Server connection that has problems. Compare the two
capture files to uncover network problems, such as a router discarding
signaling messages or old ARP cache addresses in packets.
Nortel Communication Server 1000
Troubleshooting Guide for Distributors
NN43001-730 02.02 31 December 2009
Copyright © 2008-2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
- Troubleshooting Guide for 1
- Distributors 1
- Contents 3
- MGC command reference 319 11
- Call Server commands 353 12
- IP Phones 381 12
- Tools for Linux 471 14
- NRS Manager 489 15
- Unicode Name Directory 493 15
- New in this Release 17
- 18 New in this Release 18
- Unicode Name Directory 19 19
- OAM Transaction Audit Logs 20
- How to get help 21
- 22 How to get help 22
- About this document 23
- 24 About this document 24
- Introduction 25
- VGMC VxWorks shell access 26
- Modem connection 27
- Terminal configuration 27
- Shell access 27
- MC32S card 28
- MGC card 29
- VGMC directory structure 30
- Reformatted root directories 31
- 32 Introduction 32
- Troubleshooting 33
- Collecting sniffer captures 34
- VoIP problems 35
- 36 Troubleshooting 36
- VoIP problems 37 37
- 38 Troubleshooting 38
- VoIP problems 39 39
- 40 Troubleshooting 40
- VoIP problems 41 41
- 42 Troubleshooting 42
- VoIP problems 43 43
- 44 Troubleshooting 44
- VoIP problems 45 45
- • itgCardShow 46
- IP Phone commands 47
- IP network troubleshooting 48
- IP network troubleshooting 49 49
- 50 Troubleshooting 50
- TLAN packet loss errors 51
- 52 Troubleshooting 52
- UDP ports 53
- TCP ports 54
- SNMP traps 54
- DIM error codes 54
- 56 Troubleshooting 56
- • setSLim value 58
- • tsm_set_slim tcid,value 58
- One-way audio 60
- Broken or choppy speech 60
- Audio commands 61 61
- 62 Troubleshooting 62
- Voice Gateway trace commands 63
- RTP and RTCP statistics 63
- 64 Troubleshooting 64
- OAM shell commands 65
- Graceful disable commands 67
- Force disable commands 67
- Enable commands 68
- Trace and diagnostic commands 69
- Report log commands 71
- VoIP command reference 74
- VoIP command reference 75 75
- VoIP command reference 79 79
- VoIP command reference 81 81
- VoIP command reference 87 87
- VoIP command reference 89 89
- VoIP command reference 91 91
- VoIP command reference 93 93
- DimDspStat = 1/0 94
- DimECStat = 1/0 95
- VoIP command reference 97 97
- 100 VoIP 100
- VoIP command reference 103 103
- 104 VoIP 104
- 106 VoIP 106
- VoIP command reference 107 107
- DsetSideToneEnable = 1/0 108
- DSPReset 109
- 110 VoIP 110
- 112 VoIP 112
- 114 VoIP 114
- VoIP command reference 115 115
- 116 VoIP 116
- VoIP command reference 117 117
- firmwareFileGetI2002 118
- firmwareFileGetI2004 118
- firmwareFilePutI2002 119
- firmwareFilePutI2004 119
- firmwareVersionShow 120
- flashConfigShow 120
- VoIP command reference 121 121
- VoIP command reference 123 123
- H323CallTrace ch on 126
- H323CallTrace ch off 127
- 128 VoIP 128
- VoIP command reference 129 129
- H323CallTrace ch 130
- 132 VoIP 132
- VoIP command reference 133 133
- 134 VoIP 134
- VoIP command reference 135 135
- H323CallTrace num 136
- VoIP command reference 137 137
- 138 VoIP 138
- H323GwShow 140
- H323GwShow ch channelNum 140
- H323GwShow num calling_num 141
- H323Output 143
- H323TraceShow 144
- 148 VoIP 148
- VoIP command reference 149 149
- 150 VoIP 150
- VoIP command reference 151 151
- 152 VoIP 152
- VoIP command reference 153 153
- 154 VoIP 154
- VoIP command reference 155 155
- 156 VoIP 156
- IPInfoShow 157
- 158 VoIP 158
- VoIP command reference 159 159
- 160 VoIP 160
- Query Expression 161
- 162 VoIP 162
- VoIP command reference 163 163
- 164 VoIP 164
- VoIP command reference 165 165
- 166 VoIP 166
- VoIP command reference 167 167
- 168 VoIP 168
- VoIP command reference 169 169
- 170 VoIP 170
- VoIP command reference 171 171
- 172 VoIP 172
- VoIP command reference 173 173
- 174 VoIP 174
- VoIP command reference 175 175
- 176 VoIP 176
- VoIP command reference 179 179
- • queue ID 180
- • task in the queue 180
- • number of lost messages 180
- VoIP command reference 181 181
- 182 VoIP 182
- VoIP command reference 183 183
- 184 VoIP 184
- 186 VoIP 186
- VoIP command reference 187 187
- 188 VoIP 188
- VoIP command reference 189 189
- 190 VoIP 190
- VoIP command reference 191 191
- 192 VoIP 192
- VoIP command reference 193 193
- 194 VoIP 194
- VoIP command reference 195 195
- 196 VoIP 196
- • memory in use 197
- 198 VoIP 198
- Related Commands 199
- 206 VoIP 206
- VoIP command reference 207 207
- 208 VoIP 208
- VoIP command reference 209 209
- 210 VoIP 210
- NVRClear 211
- NVRGWSet 211
- NVRIPSet 211
- NVRIPShow 211
- NVRSMSet 212
- VoIP command reference 213 213
- 214 VoIP 214
- VoIP command reference 215 215
- 216 VoIP 216
- VoIP command reference 217 217
- 218 VoIP 218
- VoIP command reference 219 219
- 220 VoIP 220
- VoIP command reference 221 221
- 222 VoIP 222
- VoIP command reference 223 223
- 224 VoIP 224
- VoIP command reference 225 225
- 226 VoIP 226
- VoIP command reference 227 227
- RTPStatShow 228
- RTPTraceShow 228
- RTPTraceStop 228
- VoIP command reference 229 229
- RUDPStatShow 230
- VoIP command reference 231 231
- 232 VoIP 232
- VoIP command reference 233 233
- SIPCallTrace on 234
- SIPCallTrace off 234
- 236 VoIP 236
- VoIP command reference 239 239
- 240 VoIP 240
- SIPGwShow 243
- SIPGwShow ch channelNum 244
- SIPGwShow num calling_number 244
- SIPOutput 247
- SIPTraceShow 247
- -> syslogLevelSet tMAM, 7 251
- 252 VoIP 252
- VoIP command reference 253 253
- 254 VoIP 254
- VoIP command reference 255 255
- VoIP command reference 259 259
- VoIP command reference 265 265
- VoIP command reference 267 267
- • minimum jitter 269
- 272 VoIP 272
- Table 72 272
- Command parameters 272
- Parameter Value Description 272
- VoIP command reference 273 273
- — Terminal Type 274
- UKLossPlanClr 275
- UKLossPlanSet 276
- 278 VoIP 278
- 280 VoIP 280
- VoIP command reference 283 283
- • Tx DSP gain (1 dB step) 286
- • Sidetone gain (3 dB step) 286
- VoIP command reference 287 287
- 288 VoIP 288
- VoIP command reference 297 297
- 298 VoIP 298
- VoIP command reference 299 299
- 300 VoIP 300
- VoIP command reference 305 305
- 306 VoIP 306
- 310 VoIP 310
- XspySetLevel 312
- 314 VoIP 314
- VoIP command reference 315 315
- 316 VoIP 316
- VoIP command reference 317 317
- 318 VoIP 318
- MGC command reference 319
- 324 MGC command reference 324
- 326 MGC command reference 326
- 328 MGC command reference 328
- 330 MGC command reference 330
- 332 MGC command reference 332
- 336 MGC command reference 336
- 338 MGC command reference 338
- 340 MGC command reference 340
- 342 MGC command reference 342
- 344 MGC command reference 344
- 346 MGC command reference 346
- 350 MGC command reference 350
- 352 MGC command reference 352
- Call Server commands 353
- ECNT ZONE 354
- ENLC/DISC/DISI 355
- ENLU/DISU 356
- TRAC/TRAK 358
- 360 Call Server commands 360
- LD 80 361 361
- 362 Call Server commands 362
- LD 80 363 363
- 364 Call Server commands 364
- LD 117 365 365
- 366 Call Server commands 366
- LD 117 367 367
- • PRT IPDN <IP address> 368
- • PRT DNIP 368
- LD 117 369 369
- PDT commands 370
- • customer number 372
- • sl1crShowStop 374
- • sl1crShowHelp 374
- VNS BUG ERR debug tool in PDT 375
- • vnsdebug on 376
- 378 Call Server commands 378
- 380 Call Server commands 380
- IP Phones 381
- MAC Display 382
- IP Phone reboot 382
- UNIStim 3.0 383
- VxWorks level 384
- Error logging 385
- 386 IP Phones 386
- UNIStim 3.0 387 387
- 388 IP Phones 388
- UNIStim 3.0 389 389
- 390 IP Phones 390
- PDT level 391
- VxShell Level 391
- 394 IP Phones 394
- Server, and MGC 395
- VGMC and Signaling Server 399
- Displaying contents 400
- File details 400
- File details 401 401
- File details 403 403
- BOOTP.TAB 404
- File details 405 405
- SECURITY.INI 406
- LOSS.INI 406
- Call Server link control 407
- RUDP windowing control 407
- DSP gain limit control 407
- DSP echo canceller control 407
- IP parameter control 408
- TPS control 408
- Keymap download control 408
- Startup script 409
- Security features 411
- SIPCallTrace 412
- SIPTLSConfigShow 412
- SIPTLSSessionShow 413
- SIPMessageTrace 413
- 414 Security features 414
- SIP NRS on Linux 415
- 416 SIP NRS on Linux 416
- Linux commands 417 417
- 418 SIP NRS on Linux 418
- Linux commands 419 419
- 420 SIP NRS on Linux 420
- Linux commands 421 421
- 422 SIP NRS on Linux 422
- Linux commands 423 423
- SIP NRS command 424
- SIP NRS command 427 427
- 428 SIP NRS on Linux 428
- SIP NRS command 429 429
- 430 SIP NRS on Linux 430
- SIP NRS command 431 431
- 432 SIP NRS on Linux 432
- NRS database commands 433
- 434 NRS database commands 434
- 436 NRS database commands 436
- 438 NRS database commands 438
- Linux Base 439
- LinuxBase command reference 440
- 442 Linux Base 442
- Figure 1 443
- Figure 2 443
- 444 Linux Base 444
- Figure 3 445
- 446 Linux Base 446
- Figure 4 446
- Figure 5 447
- Figure 6 447
- Date and Time Configuration 447
- • -r Resets user counters 449
- 450 Linux Base 450
- Figure 9 451
- 452 Linux Base 452
- Figure 10 452
- Figure 11 453
- 454 Linux Base 454
- 456 Linux Base 456
- 458 Linux Base 458
- Scheduled backup: 459
- 460 Linux Base 460
- 462 Linux Base 462
- 464 Linux Base 464
- Figure 12 464
- 466 Linux Base 466
- 468 Linux Base 468
- Tools for Linux 471
- 472 Tools for Linux 472
- ATTENTION 473
- Tool restrictions/limitations 473
- 474 Tools for Linux 474
- Figure 13 474
- Gryphon example output 474
- Figure 14 475
- Gryphon run test 475
- 476 Tools for Linux 476
- Figure 15 476
- Figure 16 476
- Gryphon summary 476
- When finished, stop the tool: 477
- 478 Tools for Linux 478
- NRS Manager 489
- 490 NRS Manager 490
- Troubleshooting Checklist 491 491
- Unable to search an Endpoint 492
- Multi-user scenarios 492
- Unicode Name Directory 493
- 494 Unicode Name Directory 494
- Troubleshooting 495 495
- 496 Unicode Name Directory 496
- Troubleshooting 497 497
- 498 Unicode Name Directory 498
- Troubleshooting Checklist 501 501
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